Perineal Massage

Perineal Massage

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Perineal Massage

Citation Conceptual framework Design /method Sample/setting Major variables studied and their definitions Data analysis Findings Appraisal: Worth to Practice
Hastings-Tolsma, M., 2014, Antenatal Perineal Massage Decreases Risk of Perineal Trauma during Birth   Level II The study is directed towards establishing evidence-based theory, which states that chances of perineal laceration and episiotomies in first time mothers are reduced through perineal massage. Clinical study evaluating incidence rates on perineal trauma on primigravidas women. It is a clinical trial comprising of primigravidas women Incidence of intact perineum, Incidence of lacerations, Incidence of episiotomy and apgar score Use of Chi test, t-test and a p value (Hastings-Tolsma, 2014) Only 10% of the population studied reported having perineal trauma thus perineal massage was effective in primigravidas women. Perineal massage is an effective method thus worth practicing on primigravidas women.
Kopas, M. L.M., 2014, A Review of Evidence-Based Practices  for Management of the Second Stage of Labor Level V The study was a review on practices which are conducted at the second stage of labor as well as the risk factors involved that bring about perineal prolonged labor in this stage (Kopas, 2014) Design of the study was to review various intervention practices such as perineal compresses, regulation rate of fetal extension, lubricant use in perineal massage amongst others Review conducted through use of publications and evidence based research journal articles The effectuality of the intervention, it applicability in second stage labor (Kopas, 2014) and extent of the effect of the risk factors Analysis of clinical studies and theoretical evaluations on intervention practices and their effectuality Supine positioning should not be recommended for second stage labor.  Upright position during childbirth reduces the duration of the second stage labor (Kopas, 2014).  Manual rotation is effective in correcting occipital positioning of the baby     Recommended practices are worth conducting within the clinical setting according to practical evidence deduced.
Moriss, A., 2014. Antenatal Perineal Massage for Reducing Perineal Trauma Level VI The study was done in St Thomas Hospital to evaluate awareness in women on perineal massage and their comfortability in considering it done. Designed as a Cochrane Review, which evaluates how antenatal perineal massage is effective in reducing probability of perineal trauma. Interview setting where questionnaires were handed to women who had given birth at St Thomas Hospital (Morriss, 2011). Percentage of women aware of perineal massage Percentage of women who are likely to request for the procedure in future pregnancies Awareness of antenatal perineal massage and future possibilities of prescribing to this service during childbirth In the healthcare setting, there is lack of commitment and enthusiasm from nurses and midwives in creating awareness pertaining to perineal massage (Morriss, 2011). Training should be offered to nursing practitioners and midwives on performing the procedure   Awareness creation on perineal massage and provision of training for this service are worth considering and implementing
Zare, O., Pasha, H., & Faramarzi, M., 2014, Effect of perineal massage on the incidence of episiotomy and perineal laceration. Health. Level I The study aims to evaluate the effect of using sterile lubricant during perineal massage and its effect in the reduction of perineal trauma and lacerations of women giving birth Randomized controlled trial in a population of 145 nulliparous pregnant women with the control group having 100 cases and the interventional group comprising of 45 cases It is a clinical trial conducted at the Emam Ali Teaching Centre for Normal delivery Incidence of intact perineum, Incidence of lacerations, Incidence of episiotomy, apgar score and mean duration taken during the second stage labor Analysis was conducted through the use of Chi test, t-test and a p value which was less than 0.05(Zare, Pasha & Faramarzi, 2014)   Incidence rates of control group intact perineum 20.2%episiotomy 49.3% laceration 28.3” (Zare, Pasha & Faramarzi, 2014)   incidence rates in interventional group intact perineum 22/2%episiotomy 44.4%laceration 28.3% As indicated by the findings, this method of intervention had no effect in reduction of perineal trauma thus can only be used as a safe method depending on the woman in labor.

References

Hastings-Tolsma, M. (2014). Antenatal perineal massage decreases risk of perineal trauma during birth. Evidence Based Nursing, 17(3), 77.

Kopas, M. L. (2014). A Review of evidence-based practices for management of the second stage of labor. Journal of Midwifery & Woman’s Health, 59(3), 264-276.

Morriss, A. (2011). Antenatal perineal massage for reducing perineal trauma. Archives Of Disease In Childhood – Fetal And Neonatal Edition, 96(1).

Zare, O., Pasha, H., & Faramarzi, M. (2014). Effect of perineal massage on the incidence of episiotomy and perineal laceration. Health, 6(1), 10-14.

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